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XHTML 1.0 Tutorials - Understanding In-line Elements and Tags

By: FYICenter.com

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What Are SUB and SUP Tags/Elements?

"sub" and "sup" elements are inline elements that you can use to specify text to be treated as subscript and superscript respectively. Here are basic rules about "sub" and "sup" elements:

  • "sub" and "sup" elements are inline elements.
  • "sub" and "sup" elements can not be used at block level.
  • Contents of "sub" elements will be displayed in smaller font size, and positioned lower than normal text.
  • Contents of "sup" elements will be displayed in smaller font size, and positioned higher than normal text.

Here is a good tutorial example of "sub" and sup" elements:

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
  "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html>
 <head>
  <title>SUB and SUP Elements</title>
 </head>
 <body>
  <p>The most popular algebra formula:<br/>
  <code>(a+b)<sup>2</sup> 
   = a<sup>2</sup> + 2ab + b<sup>2</sup></code></p>
  <p>The right sided derivative:<br/>
  <code>f'(x) 
   = <sub>lim(dx-&gt;0)</sub>((f(x+dx)-f(x))/dx)</code></p>
 </body>
</html>

If you save the above document as sub_and_sup.html, and view it with Internet Explorer, you will see that mathematical formulas are displayed nicely with "sub" and "sup" elements as shown below:
            sub and sup Tags

What Are DEL and INS Tags/Elements?

"del" and "ins" elements are inline elements that you can use to specify text to be treated as deleted text and inserted text respectively. Here are basic rules about "del" and "ins" elements:

  • "del" and "ins" elements are inline elements.
  • "del" and "ins" elements can not be used at block level.
  • Contents of "del" elements will be displayed with a strike through line.
  • Contents of "ins" elements will be displayed with an underscore line.

Here is a good tutorial example of "del" and "ins" elements:

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
  "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html>
 <head>
  <title>DEL and INS Elements</title>
 </head>
 <body>
  <p>The <del>cat</del><ins>dog</ins> couldn't
   find <del>it's</del><ins>its</ins> bone.</p>
 </body>
</html>

If you save the above document as del_and_ins.html, and view it with Internet Explorer, you will see that the incorrect sentence is corrected with the help of "del" and "ins" elements as shown below:
            del and ins Tags

What Are BIG and SMALL Tags/Elements?

"big" and "small" elements are inline elements that you can use to specify text to be displayed in bigger and smaller font sizes respectively. Here are basic rules about "big" and "small" elements:

  • "big" and "small" elements are inline elements.
  • "big" and "small" elements can not be used at block level.
  • Contents of "big" elements will be displayed with a bigger font size.
  • Contents of "small" elements will be displayed with a smaller font size.

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