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IT Interview Questions:What are routing protocols? Why do we need them? Name a few.

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IT Interview Questions:What are routing protocols? Why do we need them? Name a few.

routing protocol
is a protocol that specifies how routers communicate with each other to disseminate information that allows them to select routes between any two nodes on a network. Typically, each router has a prior knowledge only of its immediate neighbors. A routing protocol shares this information so that routers have knowledge of the network topology at large. For a discussion of the concepts behind routing protocols, see: Routing. The term routing protocol may refer more specifically to a protocol operating at Layer 3 of the OSI model which similarly disseminates topology information between routers. Many routing protocols used in the public Internet are defined in documents called RFCs.

There are three major types of routing protocols, some with variants: link-state routing protocols, path vector protocols and distance vector routing protocols.

The specific characteristics of routing protocols include the manner in which they either prevent routing loops from forming or break routing loops if they do form, and the manner in which they determine preferred routes from a sequence of hop costs and other preference factors.

IGRP (Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) •

EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol)

OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)

RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

IS-IS (Intermediate System to Intermediate System)

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